What is ARP Poisoning ?

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ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a stateless protocol used for resolving IP addresses to machine MAC addresses. All network devices that need to communicate on the network broadcast ARP queries in the system to find out other machines’ MAC addresses. ARP Poisoning is also known as ARP Spoofing.

 What is ARP Poisoning?

 ARP Poisoning is an attack where the attacker forcefully sends ARP Packets to the Victim's machine.
How it Works?
  • ARP spoofing constructs a large number of forged ARP request and reply packets to overload the switch.
  • The switch is set in forwarding mode and after the ARP table is flooded with spoofed ARP responses, the attackers can sniff all network packets.
Attackers flood a target computer ARP cache with forged entries, which is also known as poisoning. ARP poisoning uses Man-in-the-Middle access to poison the network

ARP Spoofing Attacks

The effects of ARP spoofing attacks can have serious implications for enterprises. In their most basic application, ARP spoofing attacks are used to steal sensitive information. Beyond this, ARP spoofing attacks are often used to facilitate other attacks such as:
  • Denial-of-service attacks: DoS attacks often leverage ARP spoofing to link multiple IP addresses with a single target’s MAC address. As a result, traffic that is intended for many different IP addresses will be redirected to the target’s MAC address, overloading the target with traffic.
  • Session hijacking: Session hijacking attacks can use ARP spoofing to steal session IDs, granting attackers access to private systems and data.
  • Man-in-the-middle attacks: MITM attacks can rely on ARP spoofing to intercept and modify traffic between victims.

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